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JLCPCB 文件清单 — 提交什么、如何验证

JLCPCB File Checklist — Gerber, BOM, CPL, Design Rules

避免首单来回扯皮

首次 JLCPCB 客户在第一块板出货前要花 1-2 天来回处理文件问题。漏层、错误钻孔格式、JLC 库里没的 BOM 元件、列序错误的 CPL — 都能用提交前清单预防。本指南走完 JLCPCB 在裸 PCB、SMT 装配、3D 打印、钢网服务里需要的确切文件，加上一套提前发现问题的验证流程。

JLCPCB 的文件期望

JLCPCB 接受 Gerber RS-274X（首选）、Gerber X2（也接受）、KiCad .kicad_pcb 文件（自动转换）、有注意事项的 Altium .PcbDoc。Gerber zip 应包含每层一个文件（顶铜、底铜、顶阻焊、底阻焊、顶丝印、底丝印、锡膏层、外形）加一个 Excellon 钻孔文件。JLC 在 jlcpcb.com/quote 的 gerber 查看器预校验所有内容 — 这里报错会卡住制造，所以结账前一定要跑一次。完整设计规则规格在 jlcpcb.com/capabilities。

本清单覆盖

  • 裸 PCB 文件 — Gerber zip、Excellon 钻孔、外形层、阻焊色选项。
  • SMT 装配额外 — BOM CSV 格式、CPL/centroid CSV、JLC 元件库校验。
  • 3D 打印文件 — STL、STEP，何时用哪个。
  • 钢网订购 — 锡膏层 Gerber、钢网厚度选择。
  • 设计规则 — 5/5 mil 2 层、4/4 mil 4 层、钻孔最小、板尺寸限制。
  • 提交前验证 — MakerSuite 3D + JLC 查看器 + BOM 工具的三步流程。

如何在 JLCPCB 提交前验证

  1. Open pcbviewer.app 并拖入 Gerber zip。3D 渲染立即显示漏层。
  2. 检查层面板 — 每个预期层（铜、阻焊、丝印、锡膏、外形）都应在场可见。
  3. 打开 BOM 面板跑 LCSC 搜索。被标 'pre-order' 的元件会有附加费与更长交期。
  4. 把同一份 zip 上传到 JLCPCB gerber 查看器（jlcpcb.com/quote）让它标设计规则违规。
  5. 对 SMT，用 JLC 的 BOM 工具校验每个元件都有 JLC 编码。无编码件标 'Pre-Order' 或替换。

结账前抓住 JLCPCB 提交问题 — 拖入 zip 在浏览器里验证每一层。

免费试用 MakerSuite 3D

为什么首单验证有回报

JLCPCB 客服是异步邮件，双向 24+ 小时响应。一个漏层就给你的交期加 24-48 小时。乘以问题提交里的每次来回，5 天的订单就成两周的连续剧。结账前在 MakerSuite 3D 与 JLC 网页查看器先做飞行检查，10 分钟成本省 1-2 天邮件乒乓。对截止日期重要的原型，这是可得的最高 ROI 流程改进。

清单何时省时

  • 首次 JLCPCB 订单 — 提前抓住每个常见错误（漏钻、错外形层、BOM 元件）
  • 从其他厂切换 — JLC 与 PCBWay/OSH Park 约定略不同
  • 紧凑截止日期 — 飞检抓住本会吃掉 1-2 天交期的问题
  • SMT 首次客户 — BOM 工具校验在下单前找到需替换元件
  • 重复量产 — 把清单作为标准发版流程一部分能抓住工程疏忽

浏览器端解析，零上传

PCB 文件常含商业秘密产品设计。MakerSuite 3D 在你的浏览器完整解析文件；零服务器上传，零缓存。层几何、元件位置、BOM 数据全部留在你的机器上。JLCPCB 提交按你标准下单流程仍上传到他们的服务 — 那在 MakerSuite 3D 范围之外。

常见问题

What files does JLCPCB need for bare PCB?

For bare PCB only (no assembly): zip of Gerber RS-274X files (one per copper layer + soldermask + silkscreen + paste + outline) plus Excellon drill file. JLCPCB accepts both .gbr and .gtl/.gbl/.gts/.gbs/.gto/.gbo extensions. Outline must be on the GKO or Edge.Cuts layer as a closed polygon. Drill file should be a single Excellon file with both PTH and NPTH holes (or two separate files). Total file count is usually 9-12 files inside one zip. JLCPCB's gerber viewer at jlcpcb.com/quote will show errors before you commit to ordering.

What additional files for SMT assembly?

On top of bare PCB files: BOM (CSV with columns Designator, Comment/Value, Footprint, JLCPCB Part #) and CPL/centroid file (CSV with Designator, Mid X, Mid Y, Layer, Rotation). JLC's BOM Tool web page validates the BOM against their parts library before submission — every part needs an LCSC code (e.g. C14857) or it's marked 'pre-order'. Pre-order parts cost extra ($3 setup fee per pre-order part) and add 5-7 days lead time. Stick to JLC Basic/Extended parts for fastest turnaround.

What about 3D printing or stencil files?

For 3D printing service (resin/SLA at JLC3DP): STL or STEP file. STEP preferred for parametric sharing; STL for organic shapes. For stencil ordering (separate JLC service): the same paste layer Gerber from your PCB project — JLC reads it and cuts a steel or polyimide stencil at the requested thickness (default 0.12mm). For CNC machining (JLCCNC): STEP file plus a 2D drawing PDF. For sheet metal: DXF for the flat pattern and STEP for the bent reference.

What design rules does JLCPCB enforce?

Standard 2-layer: 5/5 mil minimum trace/space, 0.3mm minimum drill, 0.5mm minimum outer hole annular ring. 4-layer: 4/4 mil trace/space, same drill rules. Min board size: 5×5mm. Max board size: 400×500mm for standard turnaround. SMT assembly: parts must be from JLC's library, fine pitch supported down to 0.4mm BGA pitch. Soldermask color: green (free), red/blue/yellow/white/black (small surcharge). Surface finish: HASL (free) or ENIG (recommended for fine pitch, surcharge). All these are documented at jlcpcb.com/capabilities.

How do I verify before ordering?

Three-step verification. First, drop your zip into MakerSuite 3D's Gerber viewer to render the board in 3D. This catches missing layers, missing drill files, and outline errors that Gerber-only previews miss. Second, upload to JLCPCB's web preview (jlcpcb.com/quote) — their viewer flags design rule violations specific to their fab process. Third, for SMT, use JLC's BOM tool to validate every part has a JLCPCB code. Following these three steps on the first order saves days of back-and-forth that's typical of new JLCPCB customers.

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